Lesson 4.9

Increasing Productivity

Employee at Work and Smiling

Lesson Preparation

Before coming to your training, please do the following:

  • Think of an associate who may need to increase productivity. This associate might work slowly or quickly, but it must be someone who has not yet reached his or her potential for work done in a day. Consider ways to help this individual during this lesson.
  • Review “Understanding How to Use a GATS Chart” in the “Lesson Resources” section, Resource 1. Come prepared to share your thoughts, experiences, and insights about the use and value of the GATS chart.
  • Read a few selections that interest you from the book Behavioral Management in Work Settings (1986), by John N. Marr and Richard T. Roessler.
 

Lesson Preview

In this lesson you will learn: (1) how to plan for productivity, (2) how to apply behavior modification techniques to encourage productivity, and (3) how to measure and support associates’ increase in productivity. This lesson will help both you and your associates improve productivity.


Planning for Productivity

From the following list, choose and complete one or more activities that best apply to your situation.

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Activity 1

As a group, discuss the following:

  • Has anyone in the group run a marathon?
  • What do you need to do to prepare for a marathon?
  • How much time do you need to prepare for a marathon?

Planning an exercise schedule and going on regular runs are key factors to successfully running a marathon. Runners also need enough time to train. The same principles apply to productivity. Each person needs to make and implement an action plan to increase productivity in his or her respective job. Creating a plan, visualizing the end goal, and achieving that goal all require mental and physical work.

As a group, discuss the following:

  • How is meeting with an associate similar to training for a marathon?

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Activity 2

As a group, discuss the following:

  • What action steps have you used with associates to help them increase their productivity in the past?
  • How did these steps help increase production?
  • What are some additional tools you could use when working to improve productivity with associates?
  • How can creating a plan for productivity improve how you set goals with associates?
  • What tools do you have to create a plan for productivity?
  • What questions do you have about planning for productivity?

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Activity 3

Divide into small groups and create an employee schedule based on the following information:

A bakery sells 3,000 cupcakes every day. A good bakery worker can frost four cupcakes per minute; the person applying the sprinkles can finish eight cupcakes per minute; and a good packager can package four cupcakes per minute. Bakery employees work four days a week, seven hours per day (like DI employees). Note that fast workers in one area can often become good at new tasks in addition to their usual position. A normal day at the bakery requires two people frosting cupcakes, one person sprinkling them, and two people packaging them. There is space to have more frosters and packagers, but it is hard to add another sprinkler.

As a group, share the schedules you have made and discuss the following questions:

  • How realistic is the goal to complete 3,000 cupcakes per day? (The answer can be found in the “Solutions” section of the Facilitator’s Guide.)
  • How important is it for the manager to know each individual’s productivity when creating the bakery schedule?

Divide into pairs and discuss the following:

  • How does this activity apply to my work at DI?
  • What can I do to improve my ability to plan associates’ schedules?
  • What can I do to help increase my associates’ productivity?
  • What can I do to improve planning for productivity at my store?

Practicing Behavior Modification

From the following list, choose and complete one or more activities that best apply to your situation.

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Activity 1

Divide into small groups and review the following case study:

  • Dan is on the autism spectrum. He works on the retail floor in men’s clothing at about 40 percent of the standard rate. He is constantly distracted by looking at the clothing. When you ask him about it, he says it takes him time to figure out where the clothing goes. Your goal is to work with him to help him increase his speed when putting clothing away.

Review “Common Behavior Modification Techniques,” found in the “Lesson Resources” section, Resource 3. With your group, take five minutes to determine which techniques you could use to help Dan improve and how you would use them. Also discuss what rate increase for putting clothing away would be a good goal for Dan.

Come together as a class and share your ideas.

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Activity 2

Divide into small groups and review the following case study:

  • Jamie is your fastest worker in SAI processing. She works at nearly 100 percent efficiency. She would rather do pricing than anything else. She is often reluctant to move to the other positions, even slowing her pace to match the sorters so she doesn’t have to move. You usually don’t say anything because she does so much efficient work in pricing. However, your line would be more productive if she would be willing to move on her own rather than waiting for you to tell her what to do.

Review “Common Behavior Modification Techniques,” found in the “Lesson Resources” section, Resource 3. With your group, take five minutes to determine which techniques you could use to help Jamie improve and how you would use them. Also discuss whether you would need to address this problem at all, since Jamie is likely to be able to keep a job.

Come together as a class and share your ideas.

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Activity 3

Divide into small groups and review the following case study:

  • You are the new job coach trainer for the team that sorts clothing because the previous job coach trainer is no longer at the store. On paper, the team seems to reach their goals almost daily, but when you observe them, their work is inefficient. During the first week, the team struggles to come close to any of its goals. In fact, you begin to wonder if the production reported by the previous job coach trainer was even correct.

Review “Common Behavior Modification Techniques,” found in the “Lesson Resources” section, Resource 3. With your group, take five minutes to determine which techniques you could use and how you would use them to help your team improve its productivity.

Come together as a class and share your ideas.

Measuring Productivity

From the following list, choose and complete one or more activities that best apply to your situation.

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Activity 1

The GATS (Goals and Then Some) chart (see the “Lesson Resources” section, Resources 1 and 2) is a simple tool to help both you and your associates keep track of, measure, and visualize progress in productivity.

As a group, answer the following questions:

  • How does the GATS chart help to increase associates’ productivity?
  • What are the advantages of using the GATS chart when working with associates?
  • What experiences do you have using the GATS chart?
  • What advice would you give about how to use the GATS chart effectively?
  • What additional methods or tools could be combined with the GATS chart to increase associates’ productivity?

Individually, take a few minutes to think about an associate you currently work with who could benefit from using a GATS chart. Create a plan to help your associate increase productivity (or change a particular behavior) using the GATS chart and any other methods or tools that you believe will help him or her. Pair up with another job coach trainer and discuss your plan with your partner. Feel free to ask questions and be helpful when giving feedback.

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Activity 2

As a group, review the information found in Resources 1 and 2 of the “Lesson Resources” section, then discuss the following questions:

  • What is a GATS chart?
  • What is the value of a GATS chart?
  • How do you use a GATS chart?
  • How often do you use the GATS chart?
  • Has using the GATS chart yielded positive results? Explain.
  • When using the GATS chart, what additional skills and tools do you use to help associates increase their productivity?
  • What other questions do you have about the GATS chart?

Individually, take a few minutes to think about an associate you currently work with who needs to increase his or her productivity. Keeping in mind your previous discussion, consider:

  • Have I used the GATS chart effectively with this associate yet?
  • What additional tools or methods could help this associate increase his or her productivity?

In your learner’s journal, write down ideas on how to help this particular associate. Then, pair up with another job coach trainer and discuss your plan with your partner. Feel free to ask questions and be helpful when giving feedback.

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Activity 3

As a group, review the information found in Resources 1 and 2 of the “Lesson Resources” section, then divide into pairs. One of you will pretend to not know anything about the GATS chart. The other one will explain what the GATS chart is and how to use it.

Then, switch roles: the person who listened will explain all of the advantages of using a GATS chart with associates. Discuss at least four advantages.

Feel free to ask each other questions, and share experiences to illustrate how to effectively use the GATS chart with associates. Then, share your insights with the rest of the attendees.

As a group, discuss:

  • What questions do you have about the GATS chart?
  • How often do you use the GATS chart with associates?
  • In what other contexts might the GATS chart be helpful when working with associates?
  • What additional methods or tools might complement the use of the GATS chart to help increase associates’ productivity?

Individually, take a few minutes to think about ways in which a GATS chart could help three of your associates with either productivity or a different issue. In your learner’s journal, write down ideas on how to effectively use the GATS chart with these associates. Pair up with another job coach trainer and share your ideas with your partner. Feel free to ask questions and be helpful when giving feedback.

Ponder and Plan

“What Lack I Yet?”

Seek to identify a personal or business gap or need.

Spend a few minutes silently pondering what you've discussed during this lesson. Listen as the Holy Ghost helps you identify areas where you can improve. Record your impressions in your learner's journal under the question “What Lack I Yet?”

“What Must I Do?”

Seek ways to close the gap or develop the required talent(s) to meet the need.

With the guidance of the Spirit, create your plan of how you will improve and close the gap(s) you have identified. You may use one or more of the exercises below, your own strategy, or a combination of both. Record this plan in your learner's journal under “What Must I Do?”

  • Create a plan to increase productivity among associates in your store and share it with them.
  • Consider the associate you thought of at the beginning of the lesson. Use behavior modification techniques to help this associate change his or her behavior and become more productive.
  • Create and implement a plan using the GATS chart to help at least one associate increase his or her productivity or overcome another issue.

After a few minutes, those who are comfortable doing so can share their impressions with the group.

“Therefore, What?”

Seek understanding, and then share what you learned.

During the week, focus on implementing the plan you created. Record your impressions or lessons learned in your learner's journal under “Therefore, What?” You will be given time at the beginning of next week's lesson to share your experience with the group.

President Thomas S. Monson

“When performance is measured, performance improves. When performance is measured and reported, the rate of improvement accelerates.”

Thomas S. Monson, in Conference Report, Oct. 1970, 107

Lesson Resources

Resource 1

Understanding How to Use a GATS Chart

The GATS (Goals and Then Some) chart is a simple tool to help both you and your associates keep track of, measure, and visualize progress in productivity.

Using the chart is simple:

  • Marks in the upward direction indicate that a goal has been met.
  • Marks in the downward direction indicate that a goal has not been met.

Let’s look at an example:

Andrew, an associate, needs to increase his productivity. Andrew gets easily distracted, which affects his productivity. His job coach trainer, Jessica, meets with him, and together they set the following goal:

Andrew will set a timer for 15 minutes. When the alarm goes off, Andrew will check whether or not he has been on task for those 15 minutes. He will then mark the GATS chart as follows:

  • A mark in the upward direction = Andrew met his goal (staying on task for 15 minutes).
  • A mark in the downward direction = Andrew has not met his goal (staying on task for 15 minutes).

After two hours, Jessica meets with Andrew again. Here is what Andrew’s GATS chart looks like:

Jessica sees that Andrew is making progress. However, he still has a long way to go. Jessica looks at her watch and then at the numbers on the left of the GATS chart (see below). She tells Andrew that his goal is to reach “8” before the end of the day. She highlights that row, and gives the chart back to Andrew. Here are Andrew’s marks on the GATS chart at the end of the day:

Andrew almost made it to the goal. Jessica tells Andrew that they will do the same exercise tomorrow, when he will have another chance to achieve his goal.

Jessica is planning to use the GATS chart with Andrew to help him increase his productivity and measure his progress. Jessica will gradually increase Andrew’s goals until he gets to “20” (or more) for three consecutive days. She will start offering different incentives to Andrew when needed.

Consider the following questions:

  • How did the GATS chart help:
    • Keep track of and measure the associate’s progress?
    • Make the associate more accountable for his actions?
    • Both the associate and job coach trainer visualize the improvement in productivity?

Resource 2

GATS Chart



Resource 3

Common Behavior Modification Techniques
  • Role-playing: Acting out a controlled situation that models a target behavior
  • Reinforcement: An action that increases the desire to behave a certain way
  • Chaining: Demonstrating steps gradually and allowing the other person to practice the steps
  • Extinction: Denial of reinforcement of an undesirable behavior
  • Shaping: Positive reinforcement given as a person approximates the target behavior
  • Fading: Gradually decreasing involvement that produces the target behavior
  • Modeling: Demonstrating the desired behavior
  • Token economy: Giving tokens for the target behavior; accumulated tokens may be used for a reward
  • Overcorrection: Over-completion of the task with supervision
  • Self-instruction: Asking self-directed questions that lead to a productive response
  • Time-out: An undesired time period away from others
  • Confrontation: Identifying the inappropriate behavior directly and stating consequences
  • Prompting: An understood descriptive word or phrase that produces change
  • Behavior inoculation: Gradual introduction of a stimulus that produces the desired behavior
  • Response cost: Deduction in wage or other benefit due to undesirable behavior
  • Feedback: Communication on progress toward target behavior
  • Stimulus control: Environmental control of a stimulus that produces a behavior
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